Assessing student learning effectively is often complicated by relying on ambiguous proxies such as grades, quiz scores, or assumptions about students' internal states, such as what they feel, think, ...

These examples of learning objectives showcase the use of actionable, measurable verbs (for example, “evaluate” or “classify”). Instructors should avoid general words such as “understanding” a topic, ...

It is easy to view the task of drafting learning objectives as a mere administrative hurdle—one more box to check for a syllabus or a department review. However, when we move beyond the "paperwork" ...